Archive for the 'Law' Category

A Long Leap From Roe

From page 521 of Cra$hmaker: in discussing whether its alright to kill Dominic Ancona, who is making trouble with his media appearances calling for abolishment of the Fed and re-establishment of a currency backed by hard assets, the CIA officer Masterson brings up Roe v. Wade as justification.

“What do you mean, so?” You can’t go around wantonly killing people, Frazier,” Butcher complained, dropping to what he assumed was the irreducible minimum of agreement.

“Ancona’s not a person,” the intelligence operative replied coldly.

“Come on, Bat,” Butcher retorted. “He’s a human being!”

“That’s not the same thing,” Masterson intoned even more icily, slowly shaking his head from side to side in disbelief at Butcher’s naivete.

“Who says there’s a difference?” Butcher challenged him.

“The Supreme Court—Harry Blackmun—Roe versus Wade,” Masterson responded with the confidence of a grand master announcing a checkmate.

Just as Masterson had anticipated, invocation of Roe intimidated Butcher into silence. Why not? All of American society genuflected in awe, or cursed in frustration, at the mention of that momentous decision. Nevertheless, any three-hundred-dollar-an-hour Establishment attorney could have explained to the Treasury Secretary how Masterson was extrapolating the sound premise that an unborn child was not a legal “person” to the so-far-unprecedented conclusion that other biologically human beings could also be denied personhood. Not that legal logic was unable to travel from Blackmun’s starting point to Masterson’s terminus. Only that, for practical political reasons, the Establishment was not yet ready to expand Roe’s holding so far.

Nonetheless, being slightly ahead of his time did not make Masterson wrong—and he knew it. “Roe versus Wade stripped mere biological human beings of all rights,” he explained triumphantly to  Butcher, “because if an individual can be killed for someone else’s convenience, he can’t assert any rights. To have rights, an individual has to be more than scientifically a human being. His factual human nature isn’t good enough any longer. He has to have a special political status, too. He has to be a person—whatever that means, or can be made to mean. So, in Roe, Harry Blackmun overruled the Declaration of Independence: All human beings aren’t naturally equal; and none have unalienable rights!” Masterson exulted. He had always despised natural law.

“What’s the difference between a human being and a person?” Stillwell asked, a mixture of perplexity and anxiety creeping onto his countenance, as if his subconscious mind had some peculiarly personal and troubling need to know.

“Basically, the faculty of choice and reason,” Masterson responded immediately, having thought through that question beforehand. “If an individual can’t choose or can’t think, he may still be biologically human, but he’s no legal person, and therefore has no rights. At the opposite ends of the spectrum of life are self-evident non-persons: unborn children, brainless geriatric patients. Within the spectrum are individuals in a persistent vegetative state: you, for instance, Reginald,” Masterson laughed cynically. Butcher was not amused.

“An even more sophisticated approach,” Masterson continued, “is to gauge personhood by the mental quality of an individual’s life. A human being proves, or disproves, that he exercises good choices and right reason by the nature of what he chooses and how he thinks. It’s not the mere faculty of choice and ability to think that makes someone a person, but his actually making correct choices and thinking proper thoughts.”

“That’s a long leap from Roe,” Butcher suggested.

“Not at all,” Masterson sneered. “Roe held that all human beings aren’t entitled to a right to life; only persons, as the courts—an enforcement arm of the government—define them. Then society decided that even some persons are better off dead, and have a right to suicide or voluntary euthanasia. Then society decided that some people can choose death for others who can’t decide for themselves. Now, society’s in the process of deciding to prescribe death for individuals who ought to die, but who stubbornly, stupidly, and antisocially cling to lives not worth living. Well, ought to die covers a wide area, doesn’t it? Those who ought to die can be injured or diseased in body—but also in mind, in personality, in patterns of thought, in persistent attitudes. If the government can empower a mother to kill her child, a sick man to kill himself, a doctor to kill a patient who can’t speak for himself—and even one who can—if society can rid itself of some worthless superannuated senile Negress who’s eating up too much in costly medical care, why can’t the body politic eliminate troublemakers like Ancona who are even more expensive to keep in line? Why squander scarce resources refuting his lunatic ideas again and again, when one cartridge can shut his trap permanently? The New World Order has no place for too many of the very young, or for any of the very old, the very sick, the very stupid—and especially the incorrigibly rebellious. Too many lives not worth living are the problem. Death’s the answer. Today we have to finesse the public’s squeamishness with euphemisms such as women’s choice and death with dignity. In a few years …”

“That’s all nonsense,” Butcher interjected, his voice betraying his unease, as he tried to attack Masterson’s premise. “The government isn’t empowering women to kill children through abortion—it’s only protecting their choice and their privacy.”

“Choice?! Privacy?!” Masterson guffawed. “What other homicide does the government treat as noncriminal simply because the killers choose to perpetrate them in private? And why do judges deny the father any choice in the matter of the mother’s killing of his own child? What other jointly created property does the government license one of the creators to destroy over the other’s objection? Sorry, Reginald. No theory of the right to life or the right to property—at least as those rights were misunderstood before Harry Blackmun pulled the blinders off the law—ever conceived that one individual could have a natural, unilateral right to kill another, wholly innocent individual on demand. So abortion must be an outright grant of power from the government. And where does the government obtain its authority to grant such a right? From its power to decide who among its biologically human subjects should be sacrificed for society’s greater good—as embodied most instantly in its power to drive its citizens to their deaths in a war.

“Well, we’re in a war now, a war to preserve the environment and our quality of life. We can’t win that war if too many people of the wrong kinds keep being produced. So, the government allows—promotes—abortion to cut the population. And it delegates the authority to kill to the parties whose self-interest works in favor of that policy: mothers for whom pregnancy’s a personal inconvenience, and abortionists for whom terminating pregnancy’s a lucrative business. But if government can delegate the authority to kill, why can’t it assert that authority directly? Why can’t the government order abortions? And, even more to my point, why can’t there be retrospective abortions?”

“How can an abortion be retrospective?” Butcher demanded, his unease with the whole subject becoming ever more apparent.

“Sometimes I wonder whether you have the grey matter to be a policy maker, Reginald,” Masterson groaned. “It’s so obvious: Imagine someone who—because of the poor way his life’s turned out-would’ve been better off being aborted. And society would’ve been better off, too. Why should society suffer for his mother’s negligence? Shouldn’t we simply rid ourselves of individuals whose lives—as measured by their actions or thoughts—prove they shouldn’t have been allowed to live in the first place? That’s retrospective abortion. And it’s even more sensible than aborting unborn children, because prospective abortion winks at the deaths of the occasional gestating Beethoven or Einstein—whereas, with retrospective abortion you know for sure you’re simply disposing of a piece of garbage, not a potential genius.”

Butcher’s eyes betrayed his fear of the self-taught disciple of Nietzsche haranguing him. He could easily imagine Masterson as a Black Crow—a nazi Einzatzgruppe trooper—gunning down Jews, Gypsies, assorted Slavs. Good God!

Watch Out Business: Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act Passes in House

Law and More reports that the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act passed in the House:

If it passes the Senate, it will overturn the U.S. Supreme Court ruling which placed time limits [180 days, with some situations allowing 300 days] in the filing of wage discrimination complaints.  That means there will be no statue of limitations on these grievances.  There’s more.  It would permit companies to be sued not only for outright discrimination but also for what can be proved to be unintentional discrimination.

Business be scared.  Very scared.  The 111th Congress began off passing H.R. 11 – the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act, 247-171.  This Act has been called “Trial Lawyer Bonanza” in an opinion piece in THE WALL STREET JOURNAL.

One of my classes last semester was Employment Discrimination and our professor said there was an extremely good chance of this becoming law. I haven’t read the act, but the main gist of it is to remove the statute of limitations for people who feel they have been discriminated against by their employer. If you’re not familiar with legal terminology, most laws that give people the right to sue have a statute of limitations which is basically a timeframe in which a person must sue or else they’ve they’ve lost that right to sue. The idea is to prevent legal proceedings in which there is still fresh evidence.

In the case of the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act, a complete removal of a statute of limitations is just a terrible idea. I would concede to extending the present statute of limitations up to one year or even two years, but without a statute of limitations, I can guarantee there will be an increase in litigation against businesses, most of which will be unwarranted.

A Failure of Corporate Governance

Writing about the failed financial institutions, Carl Icahn feels “it is difficult to see how one could reach any conclusion other than that the boards of directors of a number of these imploded financial firms utterly failed to successfully implement some of their primary tasks – to oversee management and monitor and evaluate risk controls.”

I concur with Carl. The problem with these failed institutions was excessive risk-taking and excessive leverage. Each one of these failed institutions had boards of directors to watch over management, so what went wrong with these directors?

First there is the problem that these board members are most likely paid far too much for doing far too little. The board seat might even constitute a substantial portion of the board member’s total salary. With high compensation, it is little wonder that a director would not want to challenge management lest he or she be terminated and lose that easy money.

One idea I have to foster an environment in which a board of directors takes a more active role in monitoring a company is to codify Warren Buffett’s requirements for his BoD. Buffett’s rules are very simple and are designed to align the director’s interests with the shareholders: (1) the director must be a longtime shareholder, (2) a substantial shareholder, and (3) the must only receive minimal compensation.

Buffett’s easy rules for directors would be an excellent start and I think much preferable to more minute, detailed regulations that would continue to ratchet up costs of compliance with the SEC.

Need Cash? Kill Someone for Their Custom Rims

While doing some research on an issue regarding admissibility of drug screening tests in civil cases, I stumbled upon this gem of a case: Fann v. State, 275 Ga. 756 (2002). What amazed me was how quickly the defendant was able to sell the custom rims of the victim he murdered. Here’s an excerpt:

Octavius Fann was convicted of felony murder and armed robbery for the shooting death and robbery of Clemmie Adams.FN1 On appeal, Fann contends that his trial attorney provided ineffective assistance of counsel. Because that claim and Fann’s other enumerations of error are without merit, we affirm.

[FN1. The crimes occurred on January 31, 2000. A grand jury indicted Fann on April 27, 2000 for malice murder, two counts of felony murder, armed robbery, and possession of a firearm by a convicted felon. On August 23, 2000, a jury acquitted Fann of malice murder and convicted him of the remaining counts. The trial court sentenced him to life imprisonment for one count of felony murder and merged the remaining convictions. Fann moved for a new trial on September 22, 2000 and amended his motion on December 19, 2001. The trial court denied the motion for new trial on February 28, 2002. Fann filed a notice of appeal to this Court on March 28, 2002, and the case was submitted for decision on June 17, 2002.]

Taken in the light most favorable to the jury’s verdict, the evidence presented at trial showed that, on January 31, 2000, Adams was in his Lincoln Navigator when Fann shot him and pushed him out of the Navigator. As Adams lay in the street, Fann stood over him and yelled “give me the money; give me the dope.” Fann then rifled Adams’s pockets before driving away in the Navigator. A few hours later, Fann sold the Navigator’s wheels and custom rims for $500 and abandoned the rest of the vehicle. We conclude that there was sufficient evidence from which a rational trier of fact could have found Fann guilty beyond a reasonable doubt of the crimes for which he was convicted.

Westlaw’s New Subprime Filing Database

Westlaw has introduced a the new SUBPRIME-FILING database, which includes motions, memoranda, pleadings, and other trial filings relevant to the current sub-prime mortgage lending controversy from selected state trial courts, United States District Courts and United States Bankruptcy Courts. The coverage of the database begins with 2006.

Just to see what’s going on in the state of Georgia, I did a blanket search and Westlaw returned a total of 81 documents. I wonder how many there will be by the end of the year?

We’re All Journalists Now

typewriterThomas Shevroy reviews Scott Grant’s new book We’re All Journalists Now. The “new media” and the rise of the blogosphere and its role in reporting and its interaction with the traditional press is a very interesting topic to me. I’ve been blogging off and on for almost six years now and have been reading blogs for almost seven or eight.

Here are some excerpts from the review:

Gant’s thesis is simple, straightforward and stated in the title. He is suggesting that the boundaries between professional journalism and the communications of ordinary citizens are collapsing, if they have not already collapsed. Moreover, legal rulings have provided a mixed and confusing picture of current professional protections of journalism. Gant steps into this fluid context with an intervention that is both conceptual and practical. He wants his readers to understand the nature of changes that are occurring, and he wants practical changes in law and policy that reflect these broader underlying structural transformations.

I agree with Gant here, that traditional boundaries have fallen and will continue to fall. I also suspect that there will eventually be a Supreme Court case that features a blogger or at least addresses the issues of whether bloggers have the same sort of protections as the traditional press.

Gant in his book writes that the protection of the press does not come from legal opinions like I think most people seem to think.

Where much of the press’ protection comes from, then, is not legal opinions, but the credentialing process. The press is given special access, Gant argues, for several reasons: because of the mistaken belief that the Constitution supports them, because of more general sense that access is “beneficial to society,” because of explicit legal rules or other regulations that extend such privileges, or simply due to ad hoc decisions on the part of those in positions of authority. When new media practitioners have sought access to the same sets of entitlements, they have often met resistance from their “professional” peers. The online paper, WORLDNETDAILY¸ was refused press access to the House and Senate galleries for more than a year, until the Standing Committee for Correspondents changed its position and allowed admission. Institutional rules differ between government branches, and across state and local jurisdictions, but the practice of credentialing conventional media organizations is widespread.

Also interesting is reviewer’s warning of the potential problems of lowering the bar between the professional press and non-professional press:

Most obviously, line-drawing may be difficult, especially in terms of access. While there are many interesting, insightful, thoughtful, and provocative digital media sources worth giving access to spaces from [*131] which they are now excluded, there are also online bloggers and news writers who tread the boundaries, not just of legitimacy, but of rationality. There is also a danger that the protections now given to professional journalists could be retracted without a concomitant expansion of First Amendment protections to the rest of us. The imprisonment of journalists, and expanding the reach of libel law, does probably not bode well for First Amendment protections overall. To Gant’s credit, he addresses some of these counterarguments. Whether he has provided compelling responses can be left to the reader to judge.

This was a good review and sounds like an interesting book. If only I had more time to read.

Predictions from a Bankruptcy Lawyer

A top bankruptcy lawyer predicts that the retailing, real estate, and auto parts industries will be the hardest hit by the credit crunch and the downturn of the economy.

As companies begin to pile up bankruptcy protection — Sharper Image, Lillian Vernon and Plastech, just to name a few recent filings — Investment Dealers’ Digest went to Harvey Miller of Weil Gotshal & Manges, one of the nation’s most prominent bankruptcy lawyers — to get his take on what’s in store.

Mr. Miller, who spent some time at investment banking boutique Greenhill & Company before returning to Weil Gotshal last year, told the Digest that a long-delayed round of restructurings may finally be at hand.

Easily available refinancing helped paper over a multitude of sins in the last few years, but the credit has dried up. That is likely to leave many companies with few options, Mr. Miller said.

He said retailing, real estate and auto parts are some of the industries that may be hit hardest. He also predicted some pain at well-known private equity firms — although he didn’t name names. “Portfolio companies of very respectable and reputable firms are going to have some level of problems,” Mr. Miller told The Digest.

Real estate and retailing have already been hit pretty damn hard. I see this as another sign people are preparing for the worst and that the worst has yet to come.

Puddle Jumper Loses

The citation to this excerpt is “1 GAREALEST § 11-57″ if you use Westlaw. I just found this amusing title while researching liability for personal injuries on premises.

Puddle jumper loses. Summary judgment was issued to a landowner in connection with an injury suffered by a licensee who attempted to jump a puddle of water located on the property. The puddle was an obvious static condition which the injured party could have easily avoided by taking the sidewalk to the parking lot. The plaintiff failed to exercise due care when confronted with the puddle and performed an obviously dangerous act by attempting to jump over it. Moss v. Georgia Department of Public Safety, 247 Ga.App. 426, 543 S.E.2d 799 (2000).

I guess the lesson here is that you’ll have a tough time suing a landowner after you injure yourself trying to jump a puddle.

$25 million for yanking hospital privileges

$25 million for yanking hospital privileges sounds a little steep to me, though I could be wrong.

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Federal Court Freezes Assets of Hedge Fund

Bloomberg reports, “Lake Shore Asset Management Ltd., a hedge fund firm run by a former chairman of the Chicago Mercantile Exchange, had its assets frozen by a federal court after regulators said it overstated its holdings.”

I am guessing that stories such as these will continue on for a couple more years until there is another huge financial crisis.  Then our lawmakers will go on a crusade to score political points and pass overly restrictive legislation that ends up hurting investors and businesses more than helping protect investors.

But it is difficult to argue with Geoffrey Aronow, the former head of enforcement at the CFTC.  “Whether it’s conscious or not, everyone is more attuned to concerns to what’s going on with hedge funds.”